PREVALENCE OF TOBACCO USE AMONG VETERANS AND INTERVENTIONS Essay

Predominance OF TOBACCO USE AMONG VETERANS AND INTERVENTIONS - Essay Example Notwithstanding these issues, smoking additionally has been legitimately connected to causing respiratory confusion, oral malady, emphysema, and ceaseless bronchitis. It follows that it is basic more prominent mindfulness be brought through veterans to the pernicious results of smoking (American Lung Association, 2010). Indeed, even as smoking is an impressive issue among the overall population, veterans in VA social insurance show even factually higher quantities of disease. To be sure, it is assessed 33 % of the veterans’ populace served by the Department of Veterans Affairs are smokers, while the national normal is at 22% (National Smoking and Tobacco Use Cessation Program order, 2003).In expansion to showing higher rates of tobacco clients, veterans additionally smoke more vigorously than everyone. Much exploration that has been directed into this marvel demonstrates that numerous veterans report starting smoking while in the military, and after their discharge proceed wit h the training all through their day by day life as a methods for quieting tension or nerves. The military have consistently advanced tobacco use in the camps. During both the Second World War and the Korean War the legislature made complimentary cigarettes accessible as K-proportions. The overall intelligence during this period was that cigarettes would keep troops careful in the combat zone. Smoking breaks were even utilized as inspiration during training camp, with troopers having the option to acquire breaks (McKinney et al, 1997). It’s accepted that the advancement of smoking in these settings incredibly added to later day wellbeing related issues among veterans. In such matters, it’s clear that further mindfulness should be brought to the injurious impacts of smoking. Consider measurements from an ongoing examination concerning this wonder showed 24.1% of 18 †44 years olds are of veterans are flow smokers, this rate drops to 21.9% for 45 †to †multi year olds, 11.1% for 65 †to 74 â€year olds, and 5.8% for those over age 75 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Summary of Health Statistics for U.S. grown-ups, 2006). Ladies, the quickest developing subgroup of U.S. veterans, are remembered for the VA wellbeing concern. In 2005, the Office of Public Health and Environment demonstrated that almost 178,000 ladies pass on a yearly premise as an immediate aftereffect of smoking related sickness. These ladies likewise hazard malignant growth, barrenness and pregnancy †related issues. SIDS is likewise normal among moms who smoke during pregnancy. (Branch of Veterans Affairs, 2010). Numerous wellbeing specialists concurred that the current VA tobacco control endeavors to be less compelling for ladies veterans than their male counter †parts. â€Å"Given a normal increment of ladies veterans with tobacco †related morbidities, creating successful smoking end intercessions for ladies veterans is a significant goal.† (Katzburg, 2007).In expansion to the recently depicted wellbeing dangers, research has exhibited a noteworthy association between tobacco use and

General Educational Development Questions Essay

1.Why are hounds keeps an eye on closest companions? Canines are called keeps an eye on closest companion for some reasons. For many years, hounds have been inviting, steadfast and defensive of their human proprietors. For similarly the same number of years, hounds have acknowledged the adoration and fondness of people and have been welcoming them with a sway of the tail this time. A pooch despite everything needs to be your mate and play with you regardless of whether you’re feeling terrible or haven’t invested a lot of energy with him as of late. They don’t judge us for things like that, they simply keep wagging.All a canine needs is to be cherished and adored back. 2. For what reason are Hurricanes Dangerous? Typhoons are viewed as exceptionally perilous in light of the fact that they are dangerous and are shaped from solid hurricanes. At the point when tropical storms occur, they bring about overwhelming downpours and solid breezes that can clear people, structures and animals, cause inland flooding, marine risks and even tornadoes. With that mix, they incur far reaching obliteration and can bring about a huge death toll. 3. Is dependence an illness.? â€Å"Addiction is an essential, incessant illness of mind reward, inspiration, memory and related hardware. Brokenness in these circuits prompts trademark organic, mental, social and profound indications. This is reflected in an individual pathologically seeking after remuneration and additionally alleviation by substance use and other behaviors.Addiction is portrayed by failure to reliably decline, hindrance in social control, longing for, lessened acknowledgment of noteworthy issues with one’s practices and relational connections, and a useless enthusiastic reaction. Like other incessant ailments, fixation regularly includes patterns of backslide and reduction. Without treatment or commitment in recuperation exercises, enslavement is dynamic and can bring about incapacity or unexpected passing [emphasis added].† 4.Why is getting my confirmation important.? A secondary school certificate is imperative to my future, since school affirmations instructors and potential businesses for the most part won’t think of you as except if you have one. If I somehow managed to get a secondary school recognition and not need it, very little would have been lost. Be that as it may, in the event that I were to not get a secondary school certificate and, at that point end up in a circumstance where I required it, I would be in a terrible position. Indeed, even individuals who choose to start their own business may require business classes, which means they would almost certainly should be acknowledged by a school or college, in this manner introducing a secondary school confirmation. It appears as though numerous businesses and offices of advanced education are happy to acknowledge a GED instead of a secondary school recognition, yet not every one of them are. Likewise, so as to pass my GED, I ought t o know about things learned in secondary school. So it bodes well to stick it out and get the recognition. 5. Why you like or abhorrence Miami.? I like it on the grounds that it’s overall quite warm with sea shores, and in light of the fact that it’s the â€Å"Spanish Hollywood† of the United States. I disdain it in light of the boulevards that will in general get filthy, however by and large they’re fine. 6. Reasons why Math is significant. Math is colossally significant. Practically all that you do includes math. All vocations invlove some kind of math and regardless of whether you don’t have a profession you despite everything use math ordinary. Consider how often every day you gauge something or make sense of some sort of math issue. You do utilize math whether you understand it or not. A few employments like a craftsman probably won't get individuals as a math work however you need to include aggregates of cash so as to sell your specialty, or in any event, when etimating paint utencils and other stuff. 7. For what reason is your closest companion so unique.? My mom is my closest companion, i’ve known her for my entire life. She’s the main individual I realize that will hear me out, not judge, offer genuine and genuine counsel without having different thought processes. She’s simply like me yet we’re distinctive from numerous points of view. I feel so honored to have a closest companion who is quite. We can share everything from garments, to satchels, to hair things and know we’ll get it back lol.! I feel so honored to have somebody so great in my life. The extraordinary for me is that I generally going to have her and her unadulterated love. 8. Why is Tanning in the sun Dangerous.? A few people think having a tan gives them a â€Å"healthy glow.† But a tan truly shows that the skin is attempting to shield itself from sun harm. Sun harm can prompt untimely maturing (wrinkles!), eye harm and skin malignant growth. Indeed, even â€Å"indoor tanning† isn't without hazard. Tanning beds and lights can open you to significantly more destructive bright light than the sun does. What's more, tanning items, for example, â€Å"self-tanners,†sunless showers and pills can open you to extra dangers, as per the Food and Drug Administration. Before you attempt to get a tan, you ought to figure out how and why our skin tans. At the point when a kind of radiation is presented to the skin, the skin reacts by delivering melanin. Melanin is a dim substance that keeps the body from taking in such a large number of destructive sun beams that can harm skin. The sun produces two sorts of beams, UVA and UVB. UVB beams are around the entire year and UVA beams are for the most part present just throughout the late spring. UVA beams are viewed as â€Å"safer† and they cause the skin to age, while UVB beams cause the skin to consume. In any case, both of these kinds of beams are destructive and hazardous in enormous amounts. Overexposure to the sun can cause burn from the sun and even skin malignant growth.

Smart Money Decisions and Management with Personal Capital

Smart Money Decisions and Management with Personal Capital Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Smart Money Decisions and Management with Personal CapitalUpdated On 09/01/2016Author : RathnakumarTopic : ReviewsShort URL : http://hbb.me/1R6Jmdf CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWhen was the last time when your old school planner ditched you with confusion, time waste and lots of search and find before you got your investment records straight or knew your next tax-due. Now keeping up with all your financial needs with an absolutely FREE app is an utter delight in this consumptive world where time matters as much as money. Available on iPhone, iPad and Android, this app allows you to access all your financial accounts in one aggregated view. Mutual funds, stocks, money market accounts, checking/savings- everything presented in an absolute format and in concise manner to make it as easy as your pie.Personal Capital helps you manage your money by giving you a holistic view of all of your accounts. so, its an easy ride for a beginner out of management school too. Tracking your income, spending, savings and investment performance is a cinch. Apart from this, you can ask for advice as much as you can increase your greenery by saving money by identifying mutual fund fees.Functions of Personal Capital1. Portfolio Performance You can track your investments by account, asset class or individual security. The indices as well as your make up in the market can be easily displayed in the most apparent way possible.2. Asset Allocation from international stocks to bonds, from alternatives to cash- you can see and know where to invest and how! And the app additionally helps you to track this function down on the portfolio. Voila!READAppMoney - Free Recharge App Lets You Earn More3. Mobile App opportunities download this app on mobile and no matter where you are, your investments will be right under your nose and your assets under your constant surveillance though the most useful function of Personal Capital4. Investment Check Up after investing what? This doesn’t end here. In seconds from electronically pinpointing potential investment risks within your portfolio to Identifying mutual fund fees to see if youre on par with your financial goals, this is it!5. 401k Free Organizer Find out if youre paying too much in 401k fees. Well benchmark your 401k against our own 0.5% plan and determine whether your plan is Red (over 2%), Yellow (1.01%-2%); or Green (1% and below). Then well help you do something about it.6. Mutual Fund Fee Calculator Mutual Fund Fee Calculator shows you just how much investment fees could cost you over time. With an ultimate attribute like this, you can earn while you save too.7. Universal Check Up now you can transact money from anywhere to everywhere. Track your income and spending, see your largest expenses, and easily view your transactions with Personal Capital Cash Manager.So, sign up now! For if you nee d this awesome app on the roll to manage and improve your finance, than download this app and with the new android-app delight too, you can try this out and tell us your views.

The 4 Stages of Adlerian Therapy

Individual therapy, or Adlerian therapy, is an approach in which a therapist works with a client to identify obstacles and create effective strategies for working towards their goals. Adlerians believe that, by gaining insight into challenges, people can overcome feelings of inferiority. Moreover, Adlerians believe that people are most fulfilled when they are working towards the social interest; that is, when they are doing things that are beneficial for society as a whole. Key Takeaways: Adlerian Therapy Adlerian therapy, also known as individual therapy, emphasizes the individual’s ability to bring about positive change in his or her own life.Adlerian therapy consists of four stages: engagement, assessment, insight, and reorientation.In Adler’s theory, individuals work to overcome feelings of inferiority and to act in ways that benefit the social interest. Four Stages of Adlerian Therapy In Adler’s approach to therapy, termed individual psychology or Adlerian psychology, therapy progresses through a series of four stages: Engagement. The client and therapist begin to establish the therapeutic relationship. The relationship should consist of collaboration towards addressing the clients problems. The therapist should offer support and encouragement.Assessment. The therapist works to learn more about the clients background, including early memories and family dynamics. In this part of therapy, the therapist attempts to understand how the client may have developed certain styles of thinking that are no longer helpful or adaptive for them.Insight. The therapist offers an interpretation of the client’s situation. The therapist suggests theories about how past experiences may have contributed to issues the client is currently experiencing; importantly, the therapist leaves it up to the client to decide whether these theories are accurate and useful.Reorientation. The therapist helps the client to develop new strategies that the client can use in daily life. Feelings of Inferiority One of Adler’s most well known ideas is that everyone experiences feelings of inferiority (i.e. worries that one is not achieving enough). Among psychologically healthy individuals, these feelings of inferiority encourage the pursuit of goals, providing motivation to strive towards self-improvement. In other words, by developing positive ways of coping with feelings of inferiority, individuals can end up achieving great things and making a positive contribution to society as a whole. However, some individuals have difficulty coping with feelings of inferiority, which leads them to feel discouraged. Other individuals may cope with feelings of inferiority in unproductive ways, like behaving selfishly in order to feel superior to others. In Adlerian therapy, the therapist works to provide the client the support and encouragement they need in order to cope more effectively with feelings of inferiority and to develop healthy ways of overcoming these feelings. Social Interest One of Adler’s other key ideas was the concept of the social interest. According to this idea, people are at their best—their psychologically healthiest and most fulfilled—when they act in ways that benefit society. For example, a person high in social interest might go out of their way to help others, while a person with lower levels of social interest may bully others or act in antisocial ways. Importantly, levels of social interest can change over time. A therapist can help their client increase his or her levels of social interest. Alfred Adlers Life and Legacy Alfred Adler was born in the suburbs outside of Vienna, Austria in 1870. He studied medicine at the University of Vienna, graduating in 1895. After medical school, Adler first worked as an ophthalmologist, but later decided to study psychiatry. He was initially a colleague of Sigmund Freud, with whom he cofounded the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. However, he later split with Freud and went on to develop his own ideas about psychiatry. Adler developed the approach to therapy known as individual psychology, and in 1912, he founded the Society of Individual Psychology. Today, Adler’s influence can be found in numerous areas of psychology. Many his ideas have found support in the burgeoning field of positive psychology, and his emphasis on the individual’s social context (e.g. family setting and larger culture) is supported in many branches of contemporary psychology. Sources â€Å"About Alfred Adler.† Adler University. https://www.adler.edu/page/about/history/about-alfred-adlerâ€Å"Adlerian Principles.† Adler University. https://www.adler.edu/page/community-engagement/center-for-adlerian-practice-and-scholarship/history/adlerian-principlesâ€Å"Adlerian Psychology / Psychotherapy.† GoodTherapy.org (2016, Oct. 4). https://www.goodtherapy.org/learn-about-therapy/types/adlerian-psychologyâ€Å"Adlerian Therapy.† Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/therapy-types/adlerian-therapyâ€Å"Alfred Adler.† North American Society of Adlerian Psychology. https://www.alfredadler.org/alfred-adlerâ€Å"Alfred Adler (1870-1937).† GoodTherapy.org (2018, Mar. 2). https://www.goodtherapy.org/famous-psychologists/alfred-adler.htmlClark, Arthur J. â€Å"What the World Needs More: Social Interest.† Psychology Today Blog (2017, Sep. 4). https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/dawn-memories/201709/what-the-world-n eeds-more-social-interestWatts, Richard E. â€Å"Adlerian Counseling.†Ã‚  The Handbook of Educational Theories  (2013): 459-472. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Richard_Watts8/publication/265161122_Adlerian_counselingWhat Is an Adlerian?† North American Society of Adlerian Psychology. https://www.alfredadler.org/what-is-an-adlerian

The Benefits of Capital Punishment Essay - 1044 Words

The Benefits of Capital Punishment Justice is about enforcing consequences for one’s own actions to endorse personal responsibility and the notion of capital punishment does just that. Capital punishment is an effective and efficient method of deterring would be criminals and preventing criminals to commit more crimes. It is by far the oldest form of punishment in the world and remains in effect in many nations. Through discussing many arguments in support of capital punishment it is obvious why this method of punishment is so controversial and why it should remain in effect today, regardless of the negative criticism it garners. Capital punishment has been used in the United States since the execution of Daniel Frank of†¦show more content†¦Therefore, the evidence of these two respectable studies illustrates that implementation of the death penalty correlates with a drop in the homicide rate. Another argument for the death penalty is that putting a murderer away for life is not good enough. Laws change, parole boards do not remain the same, people forget the past, etc. It is these things that indefinitely cause life imprisonment to weather away. As long as the murderer is still alive, there is a chance that he or she may kill again. A perfect example of this occurred in the case of â€Å"Dawud Mu’Min, who was serving a 48-year sentence for the 1973 murder of a cab driver when he escaped a road work gang and stabbed to death a store keeper in a 1988 robbery that only netted $4.00.† Fortunately, there is no chance that he will commit another murder again as he was executed by the state of Virginia in 1997 (Wesley Lowe’s Pro Death Penalty Webpage, Online). This argument in support of capital punishment goes to show that this is the reasoning why people who truly value public safety, believe there is no substitute for the death penalty. The argument of the constitutionality of capital punishment is also an extremely controversial argument. Many abolitionists claim that the death penalty is â€Å"unconstitutional and forbids cruel and unusual punishment† (Wesley Lowe’s Pro Death Penalty Webpage, Online). However, closerShow MoreRelatedCapital Punishment1406 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment Many positions can be defended when debating the issue of capital punishment. In Jonathan Glovers essay Executions, he maintains that there are three views that a person may have in regard to capital punishment: the retributivist, the absolutist, and the utilitarian. Although Glover recognizes that both statistical and intuitive evidence cannot validate the benefits of capital punishment, he can be considered a utilitarian because he believes that social usefulness isRead MoreCapital Punishment1534 Words   |  7 PagesThe death penalty has been around for many centuries and will probably be around for many to come. Although some citizens feel capital punishment is ethically wrong, it is necessary in today s society for various reasons. Society must be kept safe from the barbaric acts of murders and rapist, by taking away their lives to function and perform in our society. Most criminals don t take into account the results of their actions. If a person intending to commit a crime, sees another criminal put toRead More Capital Punishment Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pages Capital Punishment nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Many positions can be defended when debating the issue of capital punishment. In Jonathan Glovers essay quot;Executions,quot; he maintains that there are three views that a person may have in regard to capital punishment: the retributivist, the absolutist, and the utilitarian. Although Glover recognizes that both statistical and intuitive evidence cannot validate the benefits of capital punishment, he can be considered a utilitarian becauseRead MoreArguing Against Capital Punishment1591 Words   |  7 Pagesdebate over capital punishment, the opponents argue that capital punishment should not be practiced because it has a civilizing effect and practicing capital punishment has do deterrent effect. On the other side of the debate, the supporters argue that capital punishment should not be abolished because it is just retribution and has a deterrent effect. In this paper, I will argue that capital punishment should not be practiced. In the article titled, â€Å"The Folly of Capital Punishment,† Jeffrey ReimanRead MoreAristotle And Confucius Maintained An Ethical Position On Capital Punishment967 Words   |  4 PagesBoth Aristotle and Confucius maintained an ethical position concerning capital punishment. While we can safely assume Aristotle believed capital punishment is appropriate under certain circumstances, Confucius generally argued against the death penalty. Nevertheless, both ethical viewpoints find some common ground where capital punishment can be justified. Aristotle s theory of justice offers an outline for a system of justice, of which the death penalty for appropriate crimes is acceptable. HisRead MoreShould There be a Capital Punishment in Kazakhstan?862 Words   |  3 Pages Capital punishment or execution is the legal process of putting a person to death as a punishment for committed crime. The death penalty is legal in many countries as Iran, USA, China, India and Sudan. However, other countries, including Kazakhstan, find it cruel and violent. This essay indicates are there more benefits or drawbacks in using capital punishment in Kazakhstan. This research will begin by evaluating the social factors of capital punishment then it will proceed to investigate theRead MorePros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1303 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment: The Benefits and Downfalls Taylor M. Osborne Charleston Southern University Abstract The following essay explores the pros and cons of capital punishment. A brief history of how capital punishment was introduced into modern society is included. Various resources have been used for research which include online articles, studies, and textbook references. This paper suggests the costs of capital punishment to be very high, but brings closure and justice to families, and evenRead MoreCapital Punishment Should Be Allowed955 Words   |  4 PagesCapital punishment is execution, which can furthermore be identified as the death penalty, has been a hot topic in the public eye for a while. The question on lots of minds is whether it is acceptable for the state to terminate one’s life for the crime they have committed. A significant question that we will address is whether or not capital punishment should be allowed. By inquiring more information about this topic people should be able to formulate their own opinions on this debate. As I beganRead MoreThe Ethics of Capi tal Punishment Essay examples1501 Words   |  7 Pagesthe United States only 38 states have capital punishment statutes. As of year ended in 1999, in Texas, the state had executed 496 prisoners since 1930. The laws in the United States have change drastically in regards to capital punishment. An example of this would be the years from 1968 to 1977 due to the nearly 10 year moratorium. During those years, the Supreme Court ruled that capital punishment violated the Eight Amendment’s ban on cruel and unusual punishment. However, this ended in 1976, whenRead More Capital Punishment Is A Deterrent To Crime Essay1202 Words   |  5 Pages Capital Punishment has ended the lives of criminals for centuries. People have debated whether the government should have the power to decide one person’s life. On one side, people think the government does not have the right to play God as well as believe that the death penalty is simply unethical. Forty-eight percent of a half sam ple survey stated that life imprisonment was a better punishment for murder while forty-seven percent stated that capital punishment was a better punishment (Newport)

Essay on The Abortion Dispute - 1819 Words

The Abortion Question The morality of induced abortion is one of the most controversial moral issues of our time. Abortion has grown to be one, if no the most, debated argument of modern times. In the following web-page, we will be discussing abortion in three of its major aspects: Public Opinion, Congress and Courts, and Interest groups. Abortion is the ending of a pregnancy before birth, resulting in the death of the embryo or fetus. Abortion is an issue in which most people have an opinion on. Whether it is pro-life or pro-choice, most opinions do reflect the individual and their personal opinions in life. As will be discussed further on, there is a great dividend in the population concerning their sides in this matter. Both†¦show more content†¦Just as the following link shows and explains, the issue of abortion, concerning public opinion, illustrates a bimodal distribution: PUBLIC OPINION POLLS ON ABORTION Here we see how the public opinion of the people is very distinct and diverse. We see many of those individuals who believe in pro-life, as well as those who believe in pro-choice. Why does this issue continue to persist at such an increasing debate? It is because each side has poweful arguments and devoted adherents. On one side, we have those who believe that they are fighting for the lives of millions of soon to be humans who are being killed in their prenatal stage. On the other hand, we find those who see this issue as fighting for a womans freedom to control her body, her private decisions, and in some cases her life. But how does public opinion relate to the policies made concerning this issue? As will be proved throughout this web-page, both political branches of government, legislative and executive, do not necessarily represent the ideas of public opinion. But what exactly does Pro-life and Pro-choice mean? To clarify in a very simple, yet quite explanitory way, go to: Abortion Choice Vote So, the fact that people, in general share these two major, opposing sides makes this issue even harder to resolve. As shown in the censuses, public opinion, in thi s country, is very diverse and equally distributedShow MoreRelatedAbortion Vs Abortion903 Words   |  4 PagesTherefore, the woman does not have any right to terminate the fetus even if she got pregnant against her consent. Thomas and Noonan differ on their ideologies of having abortion. While Noonan clings on his viewpoint that abortion is allowed in an act of self-dense, Thomas claims that a woman has the right to abort when the conceived fetus is out of rape (Gordon, n.d.). Even though Noonan’s argument on self-defense remains unclear, it is still cruel to take one’s life over the other out of selfishRead MoreThe Debate On Abortion And Gun Control1604 Words   |  7 Pagesrelevant. These public disputes have no limit, ranging in cases from domestic to international. Opinions are always expressed towards the activities associated with the governance of a country or other area. This especially applies to the debate or conflict among individuals or parties in hope o f achieving power. Dealing with politics there is always a side that agrees and disagrees, thus developing the debate. Two of the most domestic controversial political topics are abortion and gun control. AsRead MoreAbortion And The United States1266 Words   |  6 PagesIn the United States the abortion has become a big deal in American political landscape. Also is very sadly because is consider it moral issues rather than personal rights or civil liberties. This issue has much both sides of political fence but many do not consider it. But me myself I opposed to abortion, especially abortion on demand and welcome the government’s protection of the unborn. Also other issues are involved in abortion debate, but this issue of personal is freedom already mentionedRead More Stop Abortions Essay examples1490 Words   |  6 PagesStop Abortions On January 22, 1973 the court decision of Roe vs. Wade stated that approved processes of abortion are legalized until viability, which is the point at which the fetus is capable of surviving outside the mother’s body. The decision allows individual states to regulate or ban abortion after viability except, however, when necessary to protect the life or physical well-being of the mother (10 Important1). It has been almost thirty years since that solemn day where a nation, builtRead MoreAbortion And Birth Control : Pro Choice And Pro Life Essay1281 Words   |  6 Pages Different Arguments for Different Ends Shana Meyer December 7, 2016 â€Æ' Different Arguments for Different Ends Abortion and birth control have long served as very heated, very debated topics, especially in the equal rights movement. Groups on both sides of the dispute have made strong arguments either in support of or against a woman’s right to use birth control and/or seek an abortion. Interestingly, many of the arguments share very similar foundational thoughts but are used to suggest very differentRead MoreWhy Abortion Is Morally Wrong1559 Words   |  7 PagesIMPORTANCE OF THE TOPIC: The morality of abortion is a topic that has long been discussed by both those for and against the act. Until 1972 when the Supreme Court case of Roe v. Wade made abortion legal in all 50 states, the act of getting an abortion was illegal in many states. Both sides of the moral arguments explain the reasoning behind their arguments. The moral question is if the act of getting an abortion is the same as murdering another human being. YES ARGUMENT PATRICK LEE AND ROBERT PRead MoreIs Abortion Morally Wrong? Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pagesten of these end in abortion† (Guttmacher Institute). Although today the United States is split among many controversial issues, one of the most disputed controversies is abortion, which has taken our country by storm over the last decade. As more and more unexpected pregnancies are occurring, many women find themselves faced with the financial and social burdens of potentially raising a child. Helpless and faced with a life- changing dilemma, these women turn to abortion as their only choiceRead MoreA Critique of John T. Noonans an Almost Absolute Value in History1251 Words   |  6 Pagesagainst the morality of abortion at any time during a pregnancy. According to Noonan (2012) humanity begins at the moment of conception. Therefore, the unborn child has the inherent right to live, and abortion at any stage of gestation would be the equivalent of murder (p. 472). He makes no exceptions for pregnancies resulting from rape or incest. The only exception he makes is when continuing a pregnancy puts the mother’s life at risk. His arguments are strong against abortion at a later stage ofRead MoreAbortion Kant vs. Utilitarians686 Words   |  3 PagesAbortion Abortion is defined as an early termination of a pregnancy, willingly. It is one of the most controversial issues that is brought up because there are so many different views. This ethical issue today is usually split in two groups, one of these views being pro-choice, giving the option to have an abortion to the family of the fetus. The other main view today is pro-life, which states under no circumstance may a life be taken away. There are many concerns with abortion, the biggestRead MoreEssay about Pro-Choice Doesnt Mean Pro-Abortion758 Words   |  4 Pagesgiven the right to obtain an abortion. Almost 50% of all pregnancies in this country are unintended, including over 30% within marriage. And over half of all unplanned pregnancies end in abortion. Improved access to contraception would address the source causes of unintended pregnancy and would diminish the need for abortion, but not abolish the choice. A widespread misconception with the pro-life, pro-choice dispute is that pro-choice means â€Å"for abortion†. Pro-choice plainly means women

Huckleberry finn 2 Essay Example For Students

Huckleberry finn 2 Essay Character Analysis: Huckleberry FinnHuckleberry Finn is one of the many milestones in modern literature. It stands as a testament to the genius the world knows as Mark Twain. Through clever use of local color and other literary devices, he is able to weave not only the entertaining tale of Huck and Jim, but also a powerful anti-slavery message, which became the cause of both negative criticism and critical acclaim. This embodiment of Mark Twains ideals in the young Huck Finn is a perfect example of the many people and things Huck Finn poses as and represents in the novel. Throughout the tale, Huckleberry Finn is portrayed as being a master of masquerading around as another person and is the means by which Mark Twain conveys his views to the world. If Mark Twain could have written an autobiography about himself, he more than likely would describe himself as possessing many qualities similar to those of Huck Finn. The many encounters Huck has with the Mississippi River are drawn from Mark Twains childhood home of Hannibal, Missouri, a town on the Mississippi. Even more important than childhood similarities; in the novel, Huck becomes more than just another character. He becomes a vessel by which Mark Twain shares his views with the world. In the South where he lived, there was still much bitterness towards ex-slaves and this dictated what was proper and what was not. Instead of writing a manifesto of his views, these views were consolidated with Hucks character. Through Hucks eyes, we are not only able to see Twains views but we also see them justified. Twains satirical view of religion manifests itself when Miss Watson confronts Huck on the subject of Heaven. She feels that Heaven is a place where all a body would have to do th ere was to go around all day long with a harp and sing, forever, and ever.Huck is disgusted by this and says that he didnt think much of it. and goes on to say that he wants to go to the bad place because the widow said that Tom Sawyer didnt have much of a chance of going to the good place. Not only is this Twains way of saying that religion, taken at face value, is bunk, but is also his observation of how society shapes the minds of those who choose to harmonize with it. At another point during the book, Huck assumes the guise of a girl named Sarah Williams. During this entire episode, Huck is eerily calm and plays his part perfectly; that is, until the woman sees Hucks seasoned throwing skills and his threading of the needle. Although Huck plays his part almost perfectly, because of his lack of interaction with society, especially with women, he cannot anticipate the ‘traps’, which the woman unknowingly lays out for him. The fact that Huck forgot his name for a minute is but a minor detail that would have probably gone unnoticed had it not been for Hucks two previous follies. After he divulges his true identity as being George Peters, the woman tells HuckYou do a girl tolerable poor, but you might fool men, maybe. Bless you, child, when you set out to thread the needle dont hold the thread still and fetch the needle up to it; hold the needle still and poke the thread at it; thats the way a woman most always does, but a man always does t otherway.This is Mark Twains way of telling us that society makes fools of those who choose not to conform to its standards. Despite a failed first attempt, Huck proves himself to be comfortable in disguise when he encounters the Grangerfords. At one point in this encounter, he forgets his name, despite being warned not to do so by the lady who saw through his guise. Here, Huck shows his superior ability of human understanding by fooling the young Buck Grangerford into telling him his own name. To accomplish this, he first asks Buck whether he can spell his name. Knowing that if a person sees a chance to raise himself over another persons expectations, he probably will, Huck taunts Buck by saying I bet you cant spell my name. Buck falls for Hucks tricks and replies by saying I bet you what you dare I can. After this, Buck reveals the alias Huck gave them when they first met, and saved Huck the trouble of working around using his fake name. In this scene, Twain illustrates his belief of the importance of understanding human nature, which Huck clearly excels at. .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe , .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .postImageUrl , .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe , .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe:hover , .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe:visited , .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe:active { border:0!important; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe:active , .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u991942a1b88d0933455f7a7e061f61fe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Online Shopping Services For Consumers And Businesses EssayThroughout the novel, Huck takes on many roles that, for the most part, are comical. However, The final disguise is one which the reader seldom notices; that of the author, who speaks through the words and actions of Huck Finn. The last laugh goes to none other than Mark Twain himself.

10 Shelf-Sign Errors

10 Shelf-Sign Errors 10 Shelf-Sign Errors 10 Shelf-Sign Errors By Mark Nichol Errors on store signs are less egregious and more common than those on the products sold themselves, but one wonders, based on these photographs (and on the mistakes we see all the time while we’re shopping) if anybody who works in retail is paying any attention. Somehow, this rollback doesn’t seem like such a good deal. I assume the person who prepared the sign simply used the wrong currency symbol, and I assume store employees don’t ever look at the signs. This error rarely shows up in print or online, though redundant use of both dollars and the dollar sign (as in â€Å"He spent less than $500 dollars†) appears on occasion. What’s a flue shot? Getting ejected out of a chimney like a human cannonball? I’d pay twenty bucks for that as long as a parachute is included in the cost. The employee who typed this sign evidently didn’t have a 12-pack of â€Å"Genness† on hand for reference or maybe they did, and sampled some. No, thanks for some reason, I’m just not that hungry anymore. Now, that, on the other hand, I might just have to try. (What was on that employee’s mind?) The N key, you’ll note, is close to but not adjacent to the K key, so a simple slip of a finger didn’t cause this typo. I’ve been wondering what Dan Quayle is up to these days. Not only is potato misspelled, but salads has an extraneous apostrophe. Third offense: Why â€Å"potatoe salad† but â€Å"macaroni salad’s†? Make both salads singular, or make both plural, Dan. And the person who type’s these sign’s is misinformed about how to style plural’s. Stationary looks anything but it appears that the word (which should be spelled stationery in this sense) and flashlights are about to make a break for it. Just what, exactly, is a Skittles Theather Box? Presumably, theathering is involved. It appears that this shelf holds every type of movie-watching snack but Skittles, but whatever. The sign maker, and fellow Whole Foods employees, didn’t catch the dueling verbs at the beginning of the second line. As regular Daily Writing Tips readers are wont to remark, I make mistakes like this on occasion (despite reading posts aloud while I proof), but this error seems too obvious to overlook. And what’s up with â€Å"conventionally grown†? That’s an awkward counterpart to organic why would any self-respecting Whole Foods customer buy something conventional? These images are from the websites Apostrophe Abuse, English Fail Blog, GrammarBlog, The Great Typo Hunt, and Wordsplosion. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid16 Misquoted QuotationsHow to Write a Proposal

buy custom General Allotment Act essay

buy custom General Allotment Act essay Dawes Act, also referred to as the General Allotment Act came into force in 1887. It would also be called Dawes Severalty Act. This law authorized the US president to survey Indian ethnic land. He would then divide it in terms of allotments to individual Indians. The law has, however, been amended severally. For example, it got amendments in 1891 and 1906. Dawes Act was named after the senator, Henry Dawes, who sponsored. The main objective of the act, as stated, would be to assimilate Indians to American society. Owning land individually appeared to be one vital step. The government would also purchase the land owned by Indians and reserve it for settlement by people who were not Indians. A commission was set in 1893 not to help in administering Dawes Act, but get back five tribes that had been excluded from the act, yet were civilized. The commission needed to make the five tribes agree with the allotment plan. In 1908, the jurisdiction of Indian land, which was seen as tribal, bec ame destroyed by the Curtis Act. Dawes act 1881 was a federal law meant to make Native Americans become landowners and farmers through the provision of 160 acres for grazing and farming. Supporters of this law believed that this federal law would make Indians civilized by changing their lifestyle from nomadic to farming. They would no longer be treated as tribes, but rather like members. Native Americans were also to be given American citizenship. The Indian culture was, however, undermined by the law even though it was well intended. Their hunting rights became restricted since they could no longer hunt in the reserved lands. Most of the reserved land belonged to the whites after enactment of the law. According to Senator M. Teller, the law intended to open up Indian land to make it ready for resettlement. The government of United States has been unsuccessful in registering Native Indians even though it has put a lot of efforts, for several years. Dawes act 1887 was one of such efforts by U.S. government, while the Indians were suspicious of the Act because the government had previously relocated land in a clumsy way. Some Indians refused to register for fear of being punished. To be registered in the Dawes Act, Native Americans were required to change their names, or to anglicize them. A number of government agents, who were meant to administer the Dawes Act, put their relatives names to the Dawes Rolls. This made people, who did not deserve it, acquire several acres of land. Abuses of Dawes Act became revealed in the Miriam report. A group of prominent citizens and Native Americans was selected to investigate the allegations of abuse and corruption in the Dawes Act. This group was constituted of 1001 people. Massive misappropriation and fraud, by agents of the government, were reported. Discoveries were made that, at the time of Dawes Act, Indian land measured 138 million acres. However, this land became reduced to 47 million acres after the act was repelled. Repeal of this act came as a result of Miriam Report although the fraud and misappropriation that had occurred could not be restored. It was, however, agreed that the Indians would be compensated. They would receive credit fund, which was designed to encourage self sufficiency, as well as small businesses. The government started recruiting Native American Indians to work in the Bureau of Indian Affairs, established by the Indian courts. A mechanism was established to enable pooling of land by Indians. They would own land as a corporate entity. They would also purchase land, as well. It was discovered that, by 1954, the reorganization act was failing. The acts implementation became affected by corruption and in competencies brought about by Dawes Act. It was then that the Bureau of Indians Affairs without hesitation initiated phase of relocation and termination as part of the Act reorganization. Programs of IRA were no longer funded leading to several bankruptcies and dislocation among the natives. Sixty-one tribes also became unrecognized; thus losing government recognition leading to lack of government assistance. It is not yet well known whether this was an administrative idea, or it was simply a way to exploit Native Americans. Some of these Native Americans are to date fighting back for their rights. At one time, an Indian girl called Clinton who was the president by that time demanding an explanation as to why she did not have her heritage. The President told the girl that he was not aware of such a thing and that he would look into the matter. This girl came from Lumbee tribe, found in North Carolina consisting of at least 40,000 Indians. This tribe had been erased through relocation and termination act of 1954. The response was that the president was sorry but such a tribe did not exist according to the government. The government of United States granted citizenship to Native American Indians in 1924. It is well known that they had never enjoyed such a privilege in the past. In 1990, the Indian Arts and Crafts Act became enacted. It was signed by President Bush and the law aimed at bringing changes and clearing the mess, which had been made over 100 years ago. This law would protect Native craftsmen who lived in America by preventing counterfeit and several other things. The federal government, however, had to certify the Indian artisans to enable them sell their products. The act also defined an Indian as any person belonging to an Indian tribe or, a person certified to become an Indian artisan. Certification process brought a problem, as having been born to Indian parents was not enough to prove a persons tribe. It also proved difficult to trace a persons lineage. An applicant had to belong to a tribe that according to U.S government was an Indian tribe. As mentioned earlier, termination of the Act erased at least 61 Indian tribes. A persons parents must have been recognized by the government of United States as Indians. The problem arose in that it was difficult for the Native Americans to obtain documents due to the confusion that was brought by Dawes Act, and the termination of the Act. Again, the conditions that prevailed in the third world countries were hrsh; hence it was difficult to obtain documents that would show to which tribe a person belonged given the fact that several tribes existed simultaneously. Several Indians, who are genuinely artisans, cannot obtain certification easily under the Indian Arts and Crafts Act simply because their tribes got erased long ago. Authority does not exist to enable them to become certified even if they deserve to be certified artisans. Many Indian families who depended on artisan for a living had their livelihood confiscated following enactment of the act by the United States government. Those artisans who do not obey the law risk being fined money amounting to one million. They also get imprisoned for fifteen years. Groups or corporations who do not follow the regulations get fined an amount of money totaling to five million. Most Indian artisans cannot compete effectively. Jeanne Walker is one example of Indian artisans who cannot participate in Indian Heritage Competition since she has been barred by the government of United States. She has been an expert for a long time and has even won several awards. She cannot participate because her relati ves, family, and ancestors were frauds, according to the law. Indian artisans also find difficulties while getting registered based on ethnic heritage. This process reminds them of the olden days when their rights had been based on blood quantities. The method was used to control non-whites living in South Africa. The process was referred to as Certification of Degree of Indian Blood. Indians became tired of getting registered, deregistered and eventually erased administratively as a result of corruption and incompetent bureaucracy. This idea leads to ethnic cleansing, thus diving Native Americans by stating that some are certified while others are not. This division brings a lot of tension because people who should be united get divided by the law. Many Native Americans who were not registered continued practicing the ancestral art; hence defying the legislation. These people are currently doing the art as American citizens but not as American Indians. They earned these constitutional rights after fighting for them painfully. An Art and Craft Act for Indians should indeed protect them rather than disenfranchise individuals in terms of their culture and heritage. For advanced civilization, Indians had to own land individually rather than communally. However, Indians were quick to resist this as it meant land grabbing by those called reformers. The Indians were finally denied land, which later became occupied by white settlers. The new policy also intended to kill the Indian culture. Americans believed that Native American culture lacked value, and since Indians did not appear to understand this, they had to be forced to accept Whites culture, which was superior to theirs. An integrated society was vital in comparison with several separate cultures. This is what was referred to as assimilation. Most Indians in America had been affected by the military and they mainly relied on aid from the U.S government. The reformers were, therefore, lucky since they would reward good Indians who could not resist their demands. In 1883, polygamy, medicine making, sun dance and bridal payment became illegal. The whites viewed these cultural practices as anti progressive that hindered civilization. Many Native Americans in Kiowa, Cheyenne and Comanche who were prisoners got exiled in Florida. One of the army officers supervising them came up with an idea that these people needed civilization through education. The government supported his idea, and he was funded to establish a boarding school in Carlisle where Indian children would attend classes. This idea was referred to as killing the Indian and saving the man. The aim was, however, to kill the Indian culture by enrolling Indian children to white classes where they would learn a superior culture. In school, children were not allowed to speak in Indian language. They could also not contact their families for them to forget the primitive culture. Military lines would run these schools. Therefore, obedience was expected at all times and timetabled routine had to be followed. Discipline was considered paramount. Native American beliefs became replaced by the Christianity. The first half of learning was meant for education, and the other half was devoted for industrial training. Sessions referred to as outings were also developed. Here, children would visit white families locally as a way of encouraging cultural assimilation. The children would also be given American names such as John, Maggie among others. New European settlers arrived at the Eastern border, where most Native Americans were settled. The government believed that it would face Indian problem since these communities were different from the whites and living together would have caused chaos. Indian commissioner, therefore, proposed the establishment of colonies for the natives. The U.S government decided to uproot the Native Americans so as to settle the European Americans. They argued that the reason behind this was to protect the new European settlers from the evil ways of the Natives. This policy led to many deaths and sufferings due to resistance by the Native Americans. Each tribe was eventually allotted a piece of land with protection against their territories. Treaties were signed in negotiation for this allotment. Mixed emotions became stirred among the Americans because of tribal organizations of the Native Americans who had hereditary chiefs. These chiefs used Indian traditions in exercising their power. Many Ame ricans feared the Native American organizations and they, therefore, advocated for reforms. The Native Americans were opposed to the most of changes as they thought it would weaken their positions. A top priority for governments agenda was civilization through assimilation. They wanted an independent agricultural society. Enactment of Dawes Act aimed at accomplishing six main objectives. The first objective was breaking the tribes into social units. Individual initiatives were also to be encouraged. The Act also aimed at reducing the administrative cost spent on the Native Americans in order to progress the farmers. Part of the land was to be reserved as Indian land. Finally, the Dawes Act aimed at opening the remaining land so that European settlers would maximize their profits. The American government allotted reservations even without the consent of Native American Indians. This forced them to become Euro Americanized, which they did not like. Native Americans had ideologies regarding their land. They cared for and they valued it because of its ability to sustain their lives. The land was also valued as it produced all the things that they required. It was the source of their existence and it gave them a sense of belonging. Unlike the Americans and Europeans, they did not value land for its economic standpoint. However, to ensure their survival, the natives had to surrender to the progression forces. They needed to adopt American values since Americans constituted the majority in the society. They found it difficult, however, to view land as a real estate that could be developed after being purchased. They also needed to learn how to use their land effectively and efficiently in order to prosper in farming. The American government wanted the Native America ns to become self supporting citizens who did not have to be supervised by the government. According to the Dawes Act, the head of the family would be entitled to 160 acres of land. An orphan or a single person, on the other hand, would receive 80 acres and those below the age of 18 would receive 40 acres of land. An Indian who had adopted American values was to be bestowed with U.S citizenship. A member of a tribe would be subjected to laws of their territory. There was to be a secretary who would ensure distribution of irrigation water equally among all the existing tribes. The Act did not apply to Creeks, Cherokees, Chickasaws, Miamies, Peorias, and Seminoles territories. The Act was amended in 1881 when it failed to meet the quantities allocated to each individual originally. It also stated that grazing land should be allocated and allotted in double terms. The amendment also gave the criteria to be followed in case of inheritance. Burke Act provided that the Secretary of Interior had the power to force title of land on an Indian. Native Americans obtained American cit izenship after accepting the allotted land. Land that was allocated to Indians was not taxed. Again, Burke Act was not applicable to Indian territories (Murrin, 2010). Dawes Act affected Native Americans negatively in that they lost the valued communal holding of land. This Act was followed by Curtis Act 1898 that dissolved tribal governments including the tribal courts. Land owned by Native American Indians was reduced significantly. Americans wanted to strengthen the nuclear family ties. Allotment of land that was meant to be sold, later in future, started being sold to non-native buyers. Profits obtained from the sales of these lands assisted in funding programs meant to aid Native American Indians. However, the Native Americans did not benefit from the profits earned, instead they were left landless. Any land belonging to an incompetent Indian would be leased to the federal government by the Secretary of the Interior since he had been authorized to do so. An allottee would be free to decide whether to keep his land or to sell it. They could not get credit or a ready market, and liquidation of their land became inevitable. The Interior departmen t knew that eventually, most Indian land, under free patent, would be sold to the whites. Allotment policy ended hunting since the land base became depleted. Most Indian men took up roles that previously belonged to women. Their gender roles changed since they were used to communal living. Women could no longer take care of the land, and they did not receive recognition in political spheres. Native women depended on their husbands for survival. Before the land became allotted, women possessed necessary social and political status since they helped in kin networking. For a woman to receive 160 acres of land it was necessary to be married officially. Conclusion In conclusion, a problem arose when it came to the certification process. Having been born to Indian parents was not enough to prove a persons tribe. It also proved difficult to trace a persons lineage. An applicant had to belong to a tribe that according to U.S government was an Indian tribe. As mentioned earlier, termination of the Act erased at least 61 Indian tribes. A persons parents must have been recognized by the government of United States as Indians. The problem arose in that it was difficult for the Native Americans to obtain documents due to the confusion that was brought by Dawes Act, and the termination of the Act. Again, the conditions that prevailed in the third world countries were harsh; hence it was difficult to obtain documents that would show to which tribe a person belonged taking into account the fact that several tribes existed at that time. It has also been discussed that under Dawes Act reserved land became allotted to individual Indians. The excess of land that was not allotted was eventually sold to the whites with permission from the tribes. An Indian whose land was held in trust was not included in the US jurisdiction. Such people would also get full American citizenship. People considered Dawes Act to be an important one as some families benefited from the profits earned following the sale of the land, which had not been allotted. The value of land owned by Indians increased as ranches, farms, roads, businesses, municipal governments, among other services developed. The initial intentions of the act were admirable as the Indian lands would generate money that would help in developing counties, schools, and states. When the congress failed to assimilate Native Americans into American society, several problems became created to the reservation residents. The reorganization act 1934 is the one that created economic and political systems, which remain to date. The Dawes Act failed due to corruption of the government agents and resistance from the Indians. Buy custom General Allotment Act essay

Class Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Class Discussion - Essay Example The only way to eliminate the problem and develop financial globalization is by creating a common worldwide currency (Mohan 39). This paper will discuss why a global economy requires a global currency. The movement of capital and goods across country borders is accompanied by inevitable transaction costs and commissions (Bonpasse 189). Having a single currency minimizes on these costs and improves trade efficiency. Increasing volumes of trade and investments across borders creates a strong partnership between exporters and importers around the globe. Both parties would be beneficiaries of a common currency. Two or more countries trading in the same currency are likely to conduct trade up to three times more than if they were using different currencies (Bonpasse 204). Globalization of currency makes the world an optimal currency area as economic integration makes countries react and adjust in similar ways in their responses to external trends. The closer the trade links countries have , the more related their business cycles are. Therefore, currency convergence may lead to an increased flow of international trade. Multiple currencies also imply uncertainties, because traders are not always quite sure what foreign goods will cost, or what foreign buyers will be willing to pay for their products. At the same time, as globalization grows and volumes of international transactions rises, both independently and in comparison to the world output, the cost of having multiple currencies also goes up (Bonpasse 241). As posed by a research conducted in the United States, most national currencies are a trend of the twentieth century, and international, cross border currencies are the best solution for the future (Hausmann 96). The researcher provides that in the broader perspective, farmers in Africa will be able to get equal pay for their produce as farmers in America, and laborers in Asia will also receive the same pay as their peers around the world. A positive effect of having a global currency is the reduction of the gap between the rich and the poor. There is evidence pointing towards the forces driving the globalization process, in relation to wealthy countries, indicating that they are narrowing the per capita income gap between themselves and the globalizing nations (Aart 103). For instance, India, Bangladesh and China were among the poorest nations in the world a few decades ago, but they have significantly influenced the narrowing of worldwide inequality, thanks to their economic expansion (Aart 104). In an era when international interdependence and integration in trade and economy are on the increase, a standardized and universal system of currency will be among the various complementary measures that will assist in simplifying and facilitating interaction and understanding among the nations (Mohan 76). A single, common currency would serve like a global language, enhancing communications around the world traders. It would eliminate the cur rent difficulties presented by speculation, instability and uncertainty. It would also provide a strong foundation for installing and growing a global economy. It would significantly reduce the cost and risk of doing business internationally. Within the present trading system, more than one trillion dollars are traded every day as investors seek to get best returns with the least risk involvement (Mohan 89). This movement of

Health Information System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Health Information System - Essay Example The health policy framework review develops the Preparation Team to contrive HIMs problems in the circumstance of the health system. It is proving to be progressively more significant to list planned and on-going HIMs strong attempts and their sources of fiscal and some technical help. For this aim, an account of all on-going HIMs development tasks and some activities is made at this point. Some Other materials related to recent HIMs activity such as data bases recently maintained, reports are currently formulated and primarily and in-service training. The main purpose of the Module II first step, i.e. step 4, is to assure a smooth conversion or transition from Module I to Module II and create an ordered list of HIMs problems and by discussion assure that extensive agreement is done. The mission and vision of the Health Information Management System (HIMS) is to create the skills and qualities required to accomplish the multifaceted part of a health information management professional and to create the attitudes and some basic principles which will persuade continuing growth in a profession that is quickly increasing in scope and also in the industry of the health care. The viewpoint of Health Information Management system (HIMS): The health care industry today is dynamical, both from attempts inside itself to find out new and some better health care delivery systems, and also from the outside developments, in the locations of applied and primary sciences. Program must be pitched to the development of those kinds of skills and calibers required to accomplish these parts and to the development of postures and basic principles which will enhance continuing growth in a profession that is quickly elaborating in scope and duty in the active

Teaching Essays E-Learning Students Education

Teaching Essays E-Learning Students Education E-Learning Students Education Abstract: With the enormous spreading of e-learning over the last 15 years, quality of e-learning has been often criticized and tied up to poor provision. It has become important for higher education institutions to show the ability to provide high quality programmes. A variety of perspectives on what should be considered when evaluating the quality of e-learning. Some studies have addressed this topic from a more comprehensively view while other have looked at single perspective. This study aims at exploring this subject to develop a framework of critical factors necessary for the evaluation of quality in e-learning system, and to explore the relevancy and importance of the E-learning in Saudi Arabia. Accordingly, the literature of this topic was reviewed thoroughly to identify the factors that constitute the evaluation framework and 12 factors have been addressed. The empirical research was lying on a methodological quantitative approach where data was collected from learners in Sa udi Arabia based from their experience in E-learning. Introduction Nowadays, higher education is experiencing big challenges driven by many emerging trends, among which is the introduction of means of online learning. Accordingly, many universities all over the world are taking different moves to cope with the new requirements; some universities were established as purely online learning providers, other conventional universities launched new online programs, and some introduced online learning programmes to enhance some of their already existing programs. E-Learning redefines the teaching/learning processes and the overall learning environment. It change the old university system to a new set of practices by introducing significant changes in the roles of its main key players; learners, faculty members and the institution as an entity (Mendenhall, 2001). The change which e-learning brings to higher education accompanied by its vast spreading as an accepted learning delivery mode has been always questioned by its components who tie this type of learning to poor quality. Therefore, studying the different aspects of evaluating the quality of e-learning has been rising as an issue that worth researching and enhancing (Kistan, 2005; Wirth, 2005). A big range of perspectives on what factors to address when evaluating the quality of e-learning has been developed. Nevertheless; most of those studies either addressed few factors to a single aspect or dimension (Ally, 2004) or addressed multiple aspects but without looking at the e-learning institution comprehensively (Cohen and Ellis, 2004). In view of the lack of a holistic framework of factors to evaluate the quality of e-learning programs; this study aims hopefully at contributing to the body of knowledge in E-learning practice. Research objective: The main principle of this study is to evaluate the quality of e-learning through investigating the related critical factors that been identified by researchers and practitioners in this field. It also intends to study the importance of such framework in the e-learning practise in Saudi Arabia. The study aims also at understanding how the key learners and faculty members differ in perceiving the importance of such factors on impacting the quality of an e-learning program? Research Question: The research intends to answer in broad perspective the following questions as well: What are the factors which are affecting the quality of e-learning? In this question the researcher are trying to address the quality factors which affecting the success of E-learning in Saudi Arabia based on 12 factors have been address from the literature. How can we increase the e-learning practice in Saudi Arabia? The second question are to know what is the best way to increase the number of E-learning practise in Saudi Arabia and what do the learner think based on their experience. Dissertation structure: This dissertation includes six chapters in addition to its introduction. Below is a brief description of each: Chapter two; outlining the background information of the research to puts the reader into the perspective of this study. The chapter includes a discussion of the emerging trends in higher education that have pushed for the introduction of e-learning and discusses broadly the quality issue in this type of learning. Chapter three; covers the literature review of the e-learning, i.e. critical factors for evaluating the quality of e-learning programs. The chapter starts with identifying the distinctions between e-learning and traditional education, discusses in details the definition of the Quality concept in higher education generally and in e-learning in specific. Chapter four; Cover the research methodology such as the process of data collection and analysis which will be used. Chapter Five; we will be describing and analysing the data and presents the data gathered. Results of the analysis are then discussed. Chapter six; this chapter summarizes the study, lay out the conclusion and ends up with recommendations for future research. Bibliography Research Methodology: In this study the researcher are going to collect his data by quantitative method where a questionnaire will be designed based on the factors which have been discovered from the literature review and then will be sent to random group in Saudi Arabia. The Data later on will be analysis to show the result and the findings. Saudi Arabia Background: Saudi Arabia which is the birth place of Islam and home to Islam’s two holiest places in Mecca and Medina is located in the Middle East bordering the Arabian Gulf and the Red Sea. The king’s official title is the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques. The modern Saudi State was founded in 1932. It is a large Middle Eastern nation that ranks as one of the world’s leading producers of petroleum, and exports more oil than any other nation. The government is monarchy type and the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government and administratively it is divided into 13 provinces and the constitution is governed according to Islamic Law. The country’s legal system is based on Sharia law and several secular codes have been introduced. Commercial disputes are handled by special committee. Saudi Arabia has an oil based economy with strong government controls over major economic activities. It possesses more than 20% of the world’s proven petroleum reserves. It not only ranks as the largest exporter of petroleum, but also plays a leading role in OPEC. The petroleum sector accounts for roughly 75% of budget revenues, 45% of GDP, and 90% of export earnings. It is believed that about 40% of GDP comes from the private sector and roughly 5.5 million foreign employees play an important role in the Saudi economy, particularly in the oil and service sectors. The researcher have carried this research in Saudi of same reason which we are going to describe them in details as The access: as the research is a Saudi nationality and have good access to the people in Saudi Arabia where he can collect more information and find a good respond rate than carrying a research in any other place. The Language: The research are multi language as he can speak Arabic Mother tongue and English so he will not face any problem to collect the data The Information: The researcher understating the situation in Saudi Arabia so he can do good research and will not spend too much time to understand the situation and cultural factors. The Organisation of the Education System in KSA The education system in Saudi Arabia has five divisions. They are: kindergarten for children from three to six years old, elementary (6-11), intermediate (12-14), secondary level (15-18), and university level (typically 19-24, depending on the subjects studied, and the form of higher education). The secondary stage is the final phase of general education in the Kingdom. It is a three-year period, following on from the intermediate stage. Students are admitted to this stage if they have obtained the intermediate stage certificate. Normally students follow secondary stage education between the ages of 16 and 18 years. This stage is considered the most important period in the general education ladder because students who successfully complete this stage are eligible to join any higher education institution. The administration of the education system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is highly centralised. All educational policies are subject to government control and supervision by the Supreme Council of Education. Textbooks and teaching tools are uniform throughout the Kingdom. The four principal authorities responsible for education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are: the Ministry of Education; the General Presidency for Girls’ Education; the Ministry of Higher Education; and the General Organisation of Technical Education and Vocational Training. Conclusion In this chapter we have gave a sample overview about the research and what are the reason to carry this research as there are a lack in understand the practice of E-learning program in Saudi Arabia and the research are trying to develop a good understanding to this n the information of other study have carried in similar field ay of the Success factors of the quality for E-learning in Saudi Arabia. Also in this chapter we have describe the dissertation structure and the research question which are going to measure what are the main factors for the success of learning Quality. Finally the Saudi Background have been analyse to give the reader the information to understand where the study have carried on and why. Chapter Two Introduction: The main objective of this chapter is to put forward the point of view of this study by laying out its background information. The chapter starts with presenting the emerging trends in higher education that have lead to the introduction of e-learning. It then continues by explaining the quality issue associated with this type of learning. The chapter also includes an overview of the background information about the e-learning in Saudi Arabia. Education An overview: According to a recent publication by the UNESCO, the education sector in general comprised of all of it’s constitutes including the higher education is experiencing new trends that exert on it new pressures and challenges (Hernes, 2003). Those trends are either classified under demography such as the continuing grow and increase of population, particularly young populations, migration between countries, increase of life expectancy, or are due to globalization where nations in general and learners in particular flow across borders without limits, allowing learners to have easy access to the best universities in the developed countries. Finally and perhaps the most important trend, is the knowledge growth accompanied by advanced information and communication technologies which have changed forever the way information is obtained, stored, used and displayed. Despite the divide between one country to another, or within the same country, more knowledge development opportunities have been created. Information technologies offer the possibility of modularization and customization of education through the use and re-use of learning objects focusing on learners, possibility of engaging learners more than ever and therefore changing the role of the faculty from a teacher to a facilitator. In response to the challenges described above, the growth of e-learning programme with its different modes in higher education is apparent and best reflected by the increasing number of e-colleges or e-universities, or the increasing number of higher education institutions that introduced e-learning programs and definitely by the growth of enrolment rate among learners. A study of e-learning in the United States in 2005, suggested that e-learning is penetrating the higher education institutions both in size and breadth and that e-learning is part of the mainstream of higher education. Figures of the study showed that sixty-five percent of schools offering graduate face-to-face courses also offer graduate courses online. Sixty-three percent of schools offering undergraduate face-to-face courses also offer undergraduate courses online. Among all schools offering face-to-face Master’s degree programs, 44% also offer Master’s programs online. Among all schools offering face-to-face Business degree programs, 43% also offer online Business programs. The same study showed an increase of around 20% of learners enrolment rate compared to the previous year (Allen and Seaman 2005). For different reasons, those statistics do not seem to be applicable to other countries. The USA is certainly the world’s largest provider of e-learning; however the market for e-learning and lifelong learning is also growing in Europe. Moreover, The Arab world, which represents 5 per cent of the worlds overall population, has entered the 21st century with a striking statistics which shows that it has only 0.5 per cent of the worlds Internet users, which obviously impacts number of its e-learning initiatives and enrolled learners in such type of learning systems (UNDP, 2002). Using Computers in Learning: These days, computers have become important educational tool kit. Many educational organizations and training centres rely on it to deliver information and learning knowledge. However, using computers in education has a long history and it has deep-rooted in the field. The idea of using computers in training first appeared during World War 2, in that the US military trained farmers to use weapons and other equipment via this systematic approach (Horton, 2000). The first real use of the computer in educational organizations was seen in the 1960s, when the University of Illinois together with the Data Corporation, developed the PLATO system. PLATO is a system which enabled the learning and understanding of complex subjects. Apple’s Macintosh and Microsoft Windows operating system have since provided a standard platform on which programmers can develop training programs (Horton, 2000) Definition of E-learning: E-Learning refers to the employment of information and communication technologies to support the development and delivery of learning in academic and professional development institutions. E-Learning is used widely with other terms such as online learning, technology-mediated learning, web-based learning, computer-based learning, etc. several definitions of e-learning has been developed reflecting the diversity in its application, used tools and associated technologies, whatever definition was used, the meaning of e-learning always contains two fundamental terms; Learning and Technology. In a way or another, all definitions of e-learning indicate the learning that takes place with the support of multimedia objects, the internet and technological applications as a delivery mode. One of the highly used definitions of e-learning as: â€Å"Education via the Internet, network or standalone computer; it refers to using electronic applications and processes to learn, where communication device have been used and content is delivered via the Internet, intranet/extranet, audio or video, TV and CD-ROM, DVD etc as appropriate (LTSN Generic Centre, 2004). A latest definition that uses the terminology of E-learning higher education has been defined by Ally (2004) as: The access of the Internet to use learning material; to interact with the content, instructor, and other learners; and to obtain support during the learning process, in order to obtain knowledge, to construct personal meaning, and to develop from the learning experience. According to Horton (2000) â€Å"E-learning is defined as instruction delivered on a computer by way of CD-ROM, DVD, Internet, or intranet with the following features: Includes content related to the learning objective. Uses instructional methods such as example and practice to help the learner. Uses media feature such as words and pictures to deliver the content and methods. Builds new skill and knowledge linked to individual learning goals or to improve organizational performance† Feature of E-learning: Eaton (2001) outlines that e-learning is characterized with the following features: Computer-mediated classrooms: faculty members and learners communicate through the computer means making face to face interaction less frequent; Separation in time between communications: communication between faculty members and learners can be also in asynchronous modes; Availability of services online: learners are not only provided by online learning experience but also with online services such as advising, registration, and library services. Distinction between e-Learning and Conventional Education: To understand the quality of e-learning requires full understanding of how this type of learning differs from the conventional style of education and the changes it brings to higher education institutions. This section presents in a broad perspective the distinctions between e-learning and traditional education which shape higher education nowadays. Such distinctions will be taken into consideration when materializing a definition for quality in e-learning, and deciding what to be taken into consideration for evaluating the quality of this type of learning. The following areas were highly repeated in the literature as key distinctions between e-learning and traditional education: Educational Changes: McLaughlin and Oliver (2000) believe however that the new technologies have positive impact on the learning environment where more choices for forms of learning are provided to faculty and learners. This includes the delivery and presentation of content in more flexible and variety of modes, the provision of interactivity, engagement, communication, feedback, communication and collaboration tools. Weller (2000) sees that those types of new choices will facilitate the quick use of courses for easier customization and individualization resulting in more satisfied learners. Change in Faculty Roles: With the growing amount of knowledge and information every day, and the availability of an huge amount of content over the internet, faculty members will not continue to be seen as the source of knowledge, instead, according to Cashion and Palmieri (2002), faculty members are expected to direct learners where to find the most relevant knowledge and provide them with tools that teach them how to learn. Different Types of Learners: Oblinger and Oblinger (2005) have referred to young learners of today as the â€Å"Net Generation† who grew with familiarity with technological products and facilities. Internet access, computer and electronic games have been a daily activity of learners lives. Learner’s todays have different expectations with respect to their learning styles; they prefer to experience things instead of reading or hearing about them, they expect immediate response to questions or actions, they appreciate interactivity and dialogue (Pashuk, 2005). Learners of today consider themselves as customers who demand to be served high quality services. They have consumers attitudes towards their academic program and any of its services (Wager, 2005). E-Learning institutions should be arranged to different types of learners, not only in their preferences and expectations but also in their level of variety. Change in Administrators Role: Administrators of an academic institution are usually referred to as staffs who are not participating in direct teaching or research work, their role is usually to assure that the institutions systems are running properly. Administrators are responsible to create, maintain and improve an environment that helps learners and faculty achieve their academic goals. Administrators of an e-learning institution can be involved in selecting, orienting and preparing qualified faculty for courses, administer and manage the technological facilities at the institution, provide different types of faculty and learners support from the technical helpdesk, library services, financial aid, etc. Administrators can also be involved in the planning, quality assurance, performance management of an activity to help the institution serve its learners better (Williams, 2003). Reliance on Infrastructure: Although e-Learning is basically about learning rather than about technology; the technological infrastructure of e-learning programs is still the critical and primary component of the education systems, e-Learning is characterized by its high independence on the validity, and reliability of its infrastructure which have the role of facilitating and providing accessibility of the learning/teaching process and its support services between faculty members and learners (Pashuk, 2005). Institutional Demands: E-Learning institutions must set up their systems, policies and procedures to deal with issues like data security from both internal and external threats as well as copyrights from the learners, faculty and the institutional perspectives. Developing a high quality online course will not only require the intellectual contribution of faculty members, it rather involves other key team members from the same institution or from partnered institutions. Copyright issues are usually linked to revenue sharing models, especially when the course developers are contracted or granted any incentives (Mendenhall, 2001). Advantages of using E-learning Methods. As we know, traditional education requires effort, time and money that lead to some difficulties in achieving the goals of learning. On the other hand, e-learning contributes to the spread of knowledge among people around the globe by easy, fast and comfortable means that helps people to attain their personal learning objectives. As a result, several educational organisations have proceeded along the e-learning approach to facilitate and improve the process of learning. In this section, several advantages of using an e-learning approach will be discussed. The author has divided the advantages into two main categories, advantages for learners, and advantages for instructors. Advantages for learners. According to Mayer (2003) he has conclude the common advantages that learners can gain from e-learning. The following list illustrates the main advantages for learners: â€Å"Learners can get the best tuition available â€Å" The extensive popularity of e-learning programme makes learning more flexible and gives freedom to learners to choose the best course which fit their needs. â€Å"Training time†. Web-based and media training are available 24 hours a day and 7 days a week which allows learners to study when they need it without any conditions or constraints. They do not need to wait for tuition sessions or specified time to attend. â€Å"Learners set the schedule†. Learners can study at their own time and they can take as many lessons as they need depending on their time and their schedule. For example, some of them may wish to study full-time while others want to study a few hours a week. â€Å"Learners get access to the instructor†. Communication with the tutor(s) through web based e-learning systems can be more helpful than the traditional classroom approach. â€Å"Training adapts the learner’s style† Many different learning styles can be integrated within an e-learning environment and the learner is able to adapt his or her style or series of styles which they prefer and in the way they feel is most efficient. â€Å"Learners get quick feedback† There is no need to wait while for the results and degree of the course, the results can be obtained immediately. â€Å"Learners treated more equally† A degree of anonymity is ensuring, therefore personal characteristics are not considered. â€Å"Saves time and money for learners† Hidden costs are eliminated in that here are no travelling fees, parking charge, etc. It is also efficient for time in that almost all the time is used on learning and no time is wasted on travelling. â€Å" Produces positive effects† Learners are constantly improving their other skills, such as computer skills, internet technologies and how they apply the skills in their jobs. Advantages for Instructors, According to Mayer (2003) the most common advantages for instructors can gain from e-learning are: â€Å"Tutors can teach anywhere† Tutors are able to teach the course from any location. All they need is connection to the internet. â€Å"Tutors travel less† Almost all the time is spent on publishing, planning, designing, producing the courses with no time wasted on travelling to attend the class. â€Å"Course can be dynamic† Tutors have the opportunity to deal with course stuff at any time and in any place such as Office, home etc. â€Å"Tutors save time† Time spent in preparing the course material such as handouts, having course paper printed are eliminated. Conclusion In this chapter we have cover a wide range on academic study to understand this subject as starting with the definition of E-learning and what do we mean by E-learning, followed by another important part which is what are the deferent between E-learning and the Conventional education. Also the researcher has included brief explanation about the history of E-Learning and the feature of E-stand its practise. Moreover, We can see based on the literature there are many advantage of E-learning for the learner for example he can study from anywhere and at any time which are the flexibility of E-learning and also there are an advantage for the instructor as he also can teach from any place and with flexible time schedule. Chapter three Introduction: In order to understand what constitutes quality of e-learning and the critical factors that should be addressed when evaluating this type of learning; an understanding of the distinctions between e-learning and traditional education need to be attained. The first section of this chapter is dedicated therefore to explore what changes has been brought to higher education by e-learning. This chapter includes a review for the literature to explore what has been recognized by the researchers and practitioners of this field as key factors that affect the quality of e-learning programs and institutions and therefore should be used to evaluate this type of learning. A list of highly rated and most repeated factors was then generated and categorized to form the basis for a comprehensive framework intended for evaluating quality of e-learning programs which will be used later in the empirical research. Quality in E-learning: Defining quality in e-learning and what should be considered when evaluating the quality of e-learning has been developed during the last 15 years. Despite the important contribution of each of those studies, a complete framework for evaluating the quality of e-learning couldnt be addressed. Developed frameworks either describe the quality of e-learning program with an importance on the classroom environment only or overlooked some important aspects such as the impact of the institute on the quality of E-learning programs (Cashion and Palmieri, 2002). E-Learning has been set by governing or accrediting bodies which have developed quality standards, principles or frameworks. Such standards however, were developed to help institutions plan for their E-learning (Cashion and Palmieri, 2002) or as a self assessment tools, so they usually address in general perspective academic standards, quality standards, standards of competence, organizational standards and service standards (Harvey, 1999). According to Vlasceanu et al (2004), the definition of quality in a higher education institution differs with the changes in: The interests and needs of a range of types of stakeholders. The institutions inputs, processes, outputs, purpose, mission and set of goals. The kind and attributes of the academic world. The historical involvement and development of higher education Revisiting the changes that e-learning brought to higher education especially to the role of its fundamental stakeholders; learners, educators and administrators, it perhaps becomes logical when we look for a definition of Quality as a concept, to consider these stakeholders first. For this reason, a growing literature in the field of e-learning tends to define Quality of e-learning programs as the degree to which principal stakeholders‟ needs and expectations are consistently satisfied, referring to the learners and educators (Kistan, 2005). Success factors Critical success factors (CSFs) are key areas of performance that are essential for the organisation to accomplish its mission (Rockart, 1979). Managers implicitly know and consider these key areas when they set goals and as they direct operational activities and tasks that are important to achieving goals. However, when these key areas of performance are made explicit, they provide a common point of reference for the entire organisation. Thus, any activity or initiative that the organisation undertakes must ensure consistently high performance in these key areas; otherwise, the organisation may not be able to achieve its goals and consequently may fail to accomplish its mission. The term â€Å"Critical Success Factor† has been adapted for many different uses. Familiarity with the term is often presented in the context of a project or an initiative. In this context, CSFs describe the underlying or guiding principles of an effort that must be regarded to ensure that it is succe ssful. The Clarity of course goals Not surprisingly, there has been consensus in the literature that in order to assure the quality of the teaching/learning process; designing a course should start with explicit outcomes that identify the expectations from learners and faculty from the very beginning. Learning outcomes which usually drive the effectiveness assessment process of courses should be also challenging and linked directly to the institution overall goals and objectives. (Mayer et al 2000) faculty members have to adjust course content by selecting appropriate learning styles to achieve course goals and learners needs. Inter